Three publications include PE0401; one further paper is background probiotic research. The human trial tested a probiotic blend with PE0401, not PE0401 alone.
Laboratory study
A laboratory study examined PE0401 using cell-based, antioxidant and bacterial-growth assays. These results do not establish a clinical benefit in people.
Read study design, findings and limitations →Background research
This mouse study tested probiotic mixtures. It is background research and does not establish an effect of the PE0401 postbiotic formulation.
Read study design, findings and limitations →Human combination trial
The 60-day study included 82 adults across six groups. Fifteen received the probiotic blend with PE0401; the study did not test PE0401 alone.
Read study design, findings and limitations →Animal study
This animal study examined PE0401 and other preparations in a mouse constipation model. Its results should not be presented as human treatment outcomes.
Read study design, findings and limitations →